The Public Epidemic of Substance Use and
Fatal Overdoses

According to the Center for Prisoner Health and Human Rights, about half of the people in prison or jail meet the criteria for substance use or substance dependence. Many believe that number is probably lower than the actual incidence. Our country, state, and local communities are in the middle of a major war or public health crisis with opioid and substance use issues. This is made clear by the increase in the number of fatal drug overdoses during the past serval years, especially since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. According to an official with the National Center for Health statistics, 2020 was the deadliest year for fatal drug overdoses since the United States began tracking this information in 1968. In 2020, more than 90,000 people died in the U.S. from fatal drug overdoses. They also report that over a 12-month period ending in April of 2021, there were an estimated 100,306 drug overdose deaths in the United States. This is an increase of 30% from the previous period.

The state of Wisconsin is also seeing a rise in fatal drug overdoses. In 2020 the state reported 1,500 fatal drug overdoses, an increase of 25% from 2019 when the state reported 1,200 fatal drug overdoses. In Milwaukee County, the state’s largest county, the same trend is taking place. In 2021, Milwaukee County reported 640 fatal drug overdoses which is about a 16% increase from the previous year when there were 540 fatal drug overdoses. There is no doubt that other large counties in southeast Wisconsin including Waukesha, Racine, and Kenosha are experiencing similar trends.

Substance use issues and drug overdoses do not just affect a single person; it is something that has a ripple effect. It impacts loved ones, friends, communities, justice systems, and our economy. Just imagine, if most or all the people in jails and prisons with substance use issues could receive treatment and recovery support services versus extended periods of incarceration. What if moms and dads with substance use issues could access treatment and recovery services that would put them in a better position to care for and nurture their children? The list of possibilities goes on and on. In the end, our communities would be healthier. Yes, I know that at some level it seems aspirational. However, when it comes to this issue, we need to set goals that are ambitious and fight vigorously to achieve them. It is encouraging to see so many public officials taking up this issue and acknowledging that a problem which has always plagued our society is getting worse. Because this is a problem that is not endemic to one demographic group or one segment of our society, we all must agree that efforts to ameliorate this problem should be our highest priority. We also know that there are certain communities and institutions (like the justice system) with disproportionally higher rates and that must be a consideration when looking at strategies to address this issue.