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In the past, choosing an overhead transmission conductor was a relatively simple process. Wires were selected to transfer power from a generation source to a load center or substation. While copper conductors are still used for lower voltage distribution lines, most transmission and sub-transmission conductors (20 kV and higher) use aluminum strands wrapped around a steel core, enhancing their strength and allowing for longer spans between towers or poles.
The capacity of bare overhead conductors is influenced not only by the cross-sectional area of the aluminum but also by various weather conditions, including ambient air temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, and other factors.
Transmission engineers must not only select the appropriate conductor size but also design or choose structures capable of supporting the wires’ weight, tensile loads, and sags affected by operating conditions and weather. As conductors carry higher currents, their electrical resistance generates heat, causing them to sag thermally. It is crucial for engineers to consider many factors to prevent conductor sag from violating safe clearances near structures, vegetation, roads, or other objects.
This case study considers how ACCC® Conductor on a 220 kV 40 mile line can save millions of dollars.
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